AP® COMPUTER SCIENCE AB 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 2: Packs & Bundles (Design) Part A:
Pack
3 1/2 points
+1/2 +1/2
class Pack implements Product declare both private fields (int and Product)
+1
constructor +1/2 public Pack(int ?, Product ?) (Item OK if matches field) +1/2 initialize fields
+1 1/2 getPrice +1/2 public double getPrice() +1/2 access product’s current price and pack’s current number +1/2 calculate and return price
Part B:
lose if don’t call getPrice on a product
5 1/2 points
Bundle +1/2 +1/2
class Bundle implements Product private collection field
+1
constructor (if collection is initialized when declared, no constructor is needed) +1/2 public Bundle() +1/2 initialize collection
+1
add +1/2 +1/2
public void add(Product ?) (No penalty if returns reasonable value) add parameter to collection
+2 1/2 getPrice +1/2 public double getPrice() +1/2 declare & initialize sum (must be added to) +1/2 loop over every element in collection +1/2 sum is updated with getPrice for each element +1/2 return sum Common Usage:
lose if accum. price in add()
-1 for extraneous code with compile-time errors -1/2 missing public on getPrice
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3
AP® COMPUTER SCIENCE A/AB 2006 GENERAL USAGE Most common usage errors are addressed specifically in rubrics with points deducted in a manner other than indicated on this sheet. The rubric takes precedence. Usage points can only be deducted if the part where it occurs has earned credit. A usage error that occurs once when the same usage is correct two or more times can be regarded as an oversight and not penalized. If the usage error is the only instance, one of two, or occurs two or more times, then it should be penalized. A particular usage error should be penalized only once in a problem, even if it occurs on different parts of a problem.
Nonpenalized Errors
Minor Errors (1/2 point)
Major Errors (1 point)
spelling/case discrepancies*
confused identifier (e.g., len for length or left() for getLeft() )
extraneous code which causes side-effect, for example, information written to output
no local variables declared
use interface or class name instead of variable identifier, for example Simulation.step() instead of
local variable not declared when any other variables are declared in some part default constructor called without parens; for example, new Fish; use keyword as identifier [r,c], (r)(c)or(r,c)instead
of [r][c]
= instead of == (and vice versa) length/size confusion for array, String, and ArrayList, with or without () private
qualifier on local variable
new
never used for constructor calls
void method or constructor returns a value
modifying a constant (final) use equals or compareTo method on primitives, for example int x; …x.equals(val)
– get confusion if access not tested in rubric
[]
assignment dyslexia, for example, for y = x + 3;
extraneous code with no side-effect, for example a check for precondition
x + 3 = y;
common mathematical symbols for operators (x • ÷ < > < > ≠)
super(method()) super.method()
instead of
missing { } where indentation clearly conveys intent
formal parameter syntax (with type) in method call, e.g., a = method(int x)
missing (
on method call or around if/while conditions
missing public from method header when required
missing ;s
"false"/"true" or 0/1 for boolean values
missing “new” for constructor call once, when others are present in some part
"null" for null
)
missing downcast from collection missing int cast when needed missing public on class or constructor header
sim.step()
aMethod(obj)
instead of obj.aMethod()
use of object reference that is incorrect, for example, use of f.move() inside method of Fish class use private data or method when not accessible destruction of data structure (e.g., by using root reference to a TreeNode for traversal of the tree) use class name in place of super either in constructor or in method call
*Note: Spelling and case discrepancies for identifiers fall under the "nonpenalized" category as long as the correction can be unambiguously inferred from context. For example, "Queu" instead of "Queue". Likewise, if a student declares "Fish fish;", then uses Fish.move() instead of fish.move(), the context allows for the reader to assume the object instead of the class.
AP® COMPUTER SCIENCE AB 2006 CANONICAL SOLUTIONS Question 2: Packs & Bundles (Design) PART A: public class Pack implements Product { private int numProducts; private Product prod; public Pack(int num, Product p) { numProducts = num; prod = p; } public double getPrice() { return prod.getPrice() * numProducts; } }
PART B: public class Bundle implements Product { private ArrayList productList; public Bundle() { productList = new ArrayList(); } public void add(Product newProd) { productList.add(newProd); } public double getPrice() { double totalCost = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < productList.size(); i++) { totalCost += ((Product)productList.get(i)).getPrice(); } return totalCost; } }
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
AP® COMPUTER SCIENCE AB 2006 SCORING COMMENTARY Question 2 Overview This question focused on students’ ability to design a hierarchy of classes using inheritance. A Product interface was provided, along with an Item class that implemented the interface. The Item class contained private data fields for storing a product description and a unit price, a constructor for initializing the fields, accessor methods for retrieving the description and unit price, and a mutator method for changing the price. In part (a) students were required to design and implement the Pack class, which also implemented the Product interface. A Pack could store an arbitrary quantity of a Product and so needed private fields for the Product and its quantity. The class also required a constructor (to initialize the fields) and the getPrice method (to calculate the price of the Pack by multiplying the Product price by its quantity). In part (b) students were required to design and implement a Bundle class, which also implemented the Item interface. A Bundle could store an arbitrary collection of Products and so needed a private field for the collection. The class also required a constructor (to initialize the field), the getPrice method (to iterate through the collection and calculate the total cost of all Products), and an add method (to add a new Product to the collection). In addition to testing whether the students could design and implement classes from scratch, this question measured their understanding of polymorphism. Each class implemented the Product interface and contained fields of type Product, which allowed for arbitrary structures such as Bundles of Bundles containing Packs of Bundles. Sample: AB2A Score: 8 This response earned almost all the points in part (a). The only deduction was a ½ point for declaring itemType as an Item rather than a Product. Since the constructor header is consistent with this declaration, the student earned the ½ point for the constructor header. The getPrice method earned all three ½ points. The extraneous method getDescription is also consistent with the student’s use of Item and was not penalized. In part (b) the solution is very similar to the canonical solution. There was a ½ point deduction, however, for not declaring the ArrayList items as a private field. Sample: AB2B Score: 6 The Pack class correctly implements Product, earning the first ½ point from the scoring guidelines. None of the fields are declared to be private, so the second ½ point was lost. Because the constructor is missing parameter types, the student lost the first ½ point for the constructor. The initializations are correct, earning the second ½ point for the constructor. The header for getPrice is missing the public qualifier, so while the first ½ point of getPrice was earned, a ½ point was deducted for usage (since the header does not explicitly follow the interface). The body of the method is correct, earning the last two ½ points. The Bundle class does not implement Product, so the first ½ point on part (b) was deducted. As in part (a) the student does not make the collection field private, and so the second ½ point was lost here as well. The constructor and add methods are correct (the lack of the public qualifier on either was counted as unpenalized usage). The getPrice method is also missing public contradicting the interface, but since usage for this error was deducted on part (a), it was not deducted again in part (b). The ½ point for the getPrice header was given. There is no initialization of total_price, costing that ½ point. The remaining three ½ points were awarded.
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
AP® COMPUTER SCIENCE AB 2006 SCORING COMMENTARY Question 2 (continued) Sample: AB2C Score: 3 The header for the class Pack is correct. The variable myItem is declared as an Item rather than as a Product, losing the second ½ point. However, since Item is used consistently in the constructor, the student earned the ½ point for the constructor header. The initializations correctly assign the parameters to the fields. The header for getPrice is correct and matches the interface. The last two ½ points of the getPrice scoring guidelines were not awarded since getPrice is never called on a product. The header for the Bundle class is also correct, earning the first ½ point from the part (b) scoring guidelines. The only other ½ point was earned for the correct header for the default constructor. No collection is declared or initialized. The add and getPrice methods do not have a return type. There is no variable to which prices taken from Product objects are added and no loop over a collection, so no points were given for the getPrice method.
© 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents).
